INPUT PARAMETERS
DISTANCE UNIT
Enter the distance from the power source to the load. The calculator doubles it for round-trip voltage-drop calculation.
RECOMMENDED WIRE SIZE
10 AWG
Approx. 5.26 mm²
Required Circular Mils
Actual Voltage Drop
Voltage at Load
CALCULATION DETAILS

Understanding Marine Wire Sizing

Marine DC wire sizing is strongly affected by voltage drop because 12V and 24V systems operate at relatively low voltage. This calculator uses the circular-mil voltage-drop method with K = 10.75 for copper boat cable and doubles the entered one-way distance to account for the positive and negative conductors.

How the calculation works

Allowable voltage drop = System voltage × Drop %
Required CM = 10.75 × Current × Round-trip length ÷ Allowable voltage drop

The calculator then selects the smallest standard AWG conductor in its table whose circular-mil area is at least as large as the calculated requirement.

3% vs 10% voltage drop

A 3% target is used for critical circuits where voltage drop can affect safety or essential operation. A 10% limit is used for non-critical circuits in the ABYC-style method represented here. The applicable requirement depends on the circuit and installation.

Important: voltage drop is not the only sizing check

Do not treat this result as a complete wiring design. Voltage-drop sizing is one check. The conductor must also have sufficient ampacity for its installation conditions, and overcurrent protection must be selected appropriately. Consult the applicable ABYC requirements, the cable manufacturer's rating, and local requirements before installation.

Round-trip distance matters

If the source-to-load distance is 20 ft, the voltage-drop calculation uses 40 ft of conductor because current travels out to the load and returns through the negative conductor.